Increment in blood pressure above a level that is harmful to the organs of the body
Optimal 120/ 80
Normal 130 /85
High normal 130–139 /85–89
Stage 1 (mild) 140–159 90–99
Stage 2 (moderate) 160–179/ 100–109
Stage 3 (severe) 180 /110
Isolated systolic hypertension140/ 90
Malignant HTN= accelerated HTN+papilledema
Hypertension can broadly be divided into :
BENIGN HYPERTENSION: 90 – 95% of cases.
MALIGNANT/ ACCELERATED HYPERTENSION: 5%
Rapidly rising blood pressure that if untreated leads to end organ failure and death within 1 or 2 years.
Clinically - Severe hypertension - diastolic pressure over 120 mm Hg, renal failure, and retinal hemorrhages and exudates, with or without papilledema.
MORPHOLOGY: Blood vessels show fibrinoid necrosis or concentric hyperplasia of smooth muscle-cells – Hyperplastic arteriosclerosis -- onion-skin changes. These hyperplastic changes are accompanied by fibrinoid deposits and acute necrosis of the vessel walls, referred to as necrotizing arteriolitis, particularly in the kidney.
Causes
Essential Hypertension
Secondary Hypertension
Renal:
Acute glomerulonephritis,
Chronic renal disease,
Polycystic disease,
Renal artery stenosis,
Renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia,
Renal vasculitis,
Renin-producing tumors
Endocrine:
Adrenocortical hyperfunction (Cushing syndrome, primary aldosteronism, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, licorice ingestion)
Pheochromocytoma
Acromegaly
Hypothyroidism (myxedema)
Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis)
Exogenous hormones (glucocorticoids, estrogen [including pregnancy-induced and oral contraceptives]
Sympathomimetics and tyramine-containing foods, monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Pregnancy-induced (Pre eclampsia)
Cardiovascular:
Coarctation of aorta,
Polyarteritis nodosa (or other vasculitis),
Increased intravascular volume,
Increased cardiac output,
Rigidity of the aorta
Increased intracranial pressure
Sleep apnea
BP regulation



Complications of HTN
Hypertensive Encephalopathy and Cerebral Atrophy
Sub arachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage
Hypertensive Retinopathy
Hypertensive Cardiomyopathy
Hypertensive nephropathy: Nephrosclerosis and chronic renal failure
Exacerbation of atherosclerosis
Aortic dissection and aneurysm formation
Resorption, fibrosis

I am a skinny dude who was looking to use desiccated thyroid as an energy supplement (not a fat burner). It really works for other people who recommended it to me, not just for me.
ReplyDeleteHello guys nice blog.. this is very useful blog.. my name is My Meds Shop i am online store for health medicine..
ReplyDeletembbs in Philippines
ReplyDeleteEvery year, almost 8000 foreign students take admission in Philippines Medical universities and out of which around 50% are Indian students. The standard of education in Philippines universities is well known around the world. Thousands of doctors from these medical universities are sent to various countries like USA and UK every year. There are around 2299 higher educational institutions and 40 medical colleges. The main benefits of pursuing MD degree from
Top Medical Colleges in Philippines :
EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM DALTA
LYCEUM NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
DAVAO MEDICAL SCHOOL FOUNDATION
SOUTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Top Searched Topics on MBBS in Philippines
study mbbs in philippines
philippines medical colleges list
best medical colleges in philippines for indian students
philippines medical colleges
best medical colleges in philippines
mci approved medical colleges in philippines
for more information contact us : +91 90329 55688
UV GULLAS COLLEGE OF MEDICINE is one of Top Medical College in Philippines in Cebu city. International students have the oppertunity to study medicine in phillipines at affordable cost and world class University. The college has successful alumni who have achieved well in the fields of law, business, politics, academe, medicine, sports and other endeavors. At University of the Visayas, we prepare students for a global competition.
ReplyDeleteDirect MBBS Admissions Open: 2020-21
Mobile No: +91 90329 55688
Apply Now: https://www.careerplus.org.in/philippines-medical-college/uv-gullas-college-of-medicine
MBBS in Philippines Wisdom Overseas is authorized India's Exclusive Partner of Southwestern University PHINMA, the Philippines established its strong trust in the minds of all the Indian medical aspirants and their parents. Under the excellent leadership of the founder Director Mr. Thummala Ravikanth, Wisdom meritoriously won the hearts of thousands of future doctors and was praised as the “Top Medical Career Growth Specialists" among Overseas Medical Education Consultants in India.
ReplyDeleteWhy Southwestern University Philippines
5 years of total Duration
3D simulator technological teaching
Experienced and Expert Doctors as faculty
More than 40% of the US returned Doctors
SWU training Hospital within the campus
More than 6000 bedded capacity for Internship
Final year (4th year of MD) compulsory Internship approved by MCI (No need to do an internship in India)
Vital service centers and commercial spaces
Own Hostel accommodations for local and foreign students
Safe, Secure, and lavish environment for vibrant student experience
All sports grounds including Cricket, Volleyball, and others available for students